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1 στόμωμα
II () hardened iron, steel, Χαλυβδικὸν ς. Cratin. 247, Daimach.4J., cf. LXX Si.34(31).26;τὰ -ώματα ποιοῦσιν οὕτως Arist.Mete. 383a33
, cf. Plu.2.510f, 625b, 693a;ὄξει διαπύρου σιδήρου σ. κατασβέσας Id.Lyc.9
; hard edge or point welded into a blade or shaft, or steel for this purpose, PCair.Zen. 782 (a).6,64, al. (iii B.C.), PPetr.2pp.6,7 (iii B.C.), Arr.Tact.12.2, Ael.Tact.13.2, BGU1028.14 (ii A.D.), PSI10.1125.4 (iv A.D.); steel plates for repair of gates, ταῖς πύλαις.. στομώματα K. KourouniotesἘλευσινιακά 1.190.25
, cf. 29 ([place name] Eleusis).2 λεπὶς στομώματος a scale which flies from hammered iron, Dsc.5.78, Gal.12.416; στόμωμα alone, Dsc.4.48 (dub. l.), Cels. 6.6.5, Plin.HN34.108.3 metaph. of an army (cf.στόμα 111.1b
),τῆς Ἰταλίας τὴν ἐν Ῥώμῃ δύναμιν ὥσπερ σ. προτεταγμένην Plu.2.326b
;οἱονεὶ σ. τῆς δυνάμεως D.S.19.30
: henceσ. εἰς μάχην ἡ ἀρχή Plu.Flam. 2
, cf.3: alsoσ. τοῦ οἴνου Id.2.692d
; τῆς ἀνδρείας ib.988d.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στόμωμα
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2 στόμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mouth, muzzle, front, peak, edge' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. Tomako, Tumako \/ στόμαργος\/ (Mühlestein Studi Micenei 2 (1967), 43ff. w. lit.; Killen, Minos 27-8, 1992-1993 [95],101-7Compounds: Many compp., almost all from the shorter stem (cf. below), e.g. στόμ-αργος `chattering, high-sounding' (trag.), to ἀργός (Willis AmJPh 63, 87 ff.: `shining' \> `bright' \> `loud'?), if not after γλώσσ-αργος, which could stand for γλώσσ-αλγος (s. on γλῶσσα w. lit.); Blanc RPh. 65, 1991, 59-66 analyses the word as στόμα + μάργος `furious', also BAGB 1996\/1, 8-9; cf. also Πόδ-αργος (s. πούς); on στομα-κάκη s. κακός; εὔ-στομος `with a beautiful mouth, speaking nicely', also = `silent' (Hdt., X. etc.); beside it, quite rarely, στοματ-ουργός `working with one's mouth, grandiloquent' (Ar.). κακο-στόματος (AP) for κακό-στομος (E. a.o.).Derivatives: 1. στόμ-ιον n. `mouth, opening, denture, bit, bridle' (IA.), rarely `mouth' (Nic.), with - ίς f. `halter' (Poll.); ἐπι-στομ-ίζω `to put in a bit' (Att.), also `to shut up one's mouth' (late). 2. στόμ-ις m. `hard-mouthed horse' (A. Fr. 442 = 649 M.; cf. Schwyzer 462 n. 3), also - ίας `id.' (Afric., Suid.). 3. - ώδης `speaking nicely' (S.), `savoury' (Sor.). 4. - ίζομαι `to take in the mouth' (Aq.), w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-στομίζω `to remove the edge' (Philostr.). 5. - όω ( ἀνα- στόμα a.o.) `to stop the mouth, to provide with an opening, edge, to harden' (IA.) with - ωμα n. `mouth' (A.), `hardening, which is hardened, steel' (Cratin., Arist., hell. a. late), - ωμάτιον (Gloss.), - ωσις f. `hardening' (S., hell a. late), - ωτής = indurator (gloss.). -- Besides στομάτ-ιον n. dimin. (Sor.), - ικός `belonging to the mouth' (medic. a.o.), ἀπο-στοματ-ίζω `to repeat, to interrogate etc.' (Pl., Arist. etc.). -- On στόμαχος, στωμύλος s. vv.Etymology: The etymol. unclear στόμα has secondarily joined the verbal nouns in - μα (Schwyzer 524 w. n. 5), with which the strong predilection for the short form στομ- in compp. and derivv. may be connected (cf. Georgacas Glotta 36, 163). But the n-stem is old and is found not only in Av. staman- m. `mouth (of a dog)' but also in Celtic, e.g. Welsh safn `jaw-bone'. So we must reconstruct * steh₃m-, which was in Greek replaced by the zero grade (* sth₃m-); on the short a of Avestan see Lubotsky Kratylos 42(1997) 56f. -- Far remain however the Germ. words for `voice', Goth. stibna, OHG stimna, stimma etc. and the Hitt. word for `ear', ištam-ana-, - ina-, prob. denominativ from ištamašzi `hear' (Frisk GHÅ 57, 19ff. = Kl. Schr. 79ff. w. lit.; diff. Kronasser Etymologie II 399).Page in Frisk: 2,800-801Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στόμα
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3 ἄστομος
ἄστομ-ος, ον,2 with no mouth,ἄ. καὶ ἄρρινες Str.2.1.9
, cf. Plu.2.938c, 940b.II of horses, hard-mouthed, S.El. 724, Plu.Art.9.III of dogs, soft-mouthed, unable to hold with the teeth, X.Cyn.3.3.IV of meat and drink, unpalatable, Hices. ap. Ath.7.323a, Dsc.1.110, al.: [comp] Comp., Sor.1.95.V of metal, soft, incapable of a fine edge, Plu. Lys.17.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄστομος
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